Shotgun shells, the ammunition that powers your shotgun, come in a variety of types, one of the most common distinctions being "high brass" versus "low brass." This article will delve into what exactly constitutes a high brass shotgun shell, explaining its construction, applications, and performance characteristics.
Understanding the "Brass" in Shotgun Shells
The term "brass" refers to the shotgun shell's base, the part containing the primer that ignites the powder charge. While the color doesn't inherently dictate performance, the height of the base is a visual indicator of the shell's internal components and intended use. High brass shells generally have a taller base than their low brass counterparts. This height isn't just for aesthetics; it accommodates more powerful charges.
High Brass vs. Low Brass: Key Differences
The primary distinction between high and low brass lies in the powder charge and shot payload.
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High Brass: These shells typically contain a larger powder charge, resulting in higher velocity and longer range. They often carry a heavier shot payload, delivering more stopping power. High brass shells are ideal for hunting larger game at longer distances or for target shooting requiring greater accuracy and power.
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Low Brass: These shells utilize a smaller powder charge, resulting in lower velocity and shorter range. They often have a lighter shot payload, suitable for smaller game at closer ranges or for trap shooting where less recoil is preferred.
Construction of a High Brass Shotgun Shell
Let's break down the components of a typical high brass shotgun shell:
1. The Base (or Hull):**
The high brass base is taller, typically made of plastic or a plastic/metal composite, providing structural integrity to handle the increased pressure from the larger powder charge.
2. The Primer:**
The primer initiates the combustion process, igniting the powder charge. High brass shells often employ primers designed to withstand the higher pressures generated within the shell.
3. The Powder Charge:**
This is the propellant that pushes the shot payload down the barrel. High brass shells contain a significantly larger quantity of powder than low brass shells, leading to the higher velocity and longer range.
4. The Wad:**
The wad separates the powder charge from the shot payload. It also helps to create a tighter pattern by controlling the shot's dispersal upon exiting the barrel. High brass shells often use wads designed to withstand the higher pressures.
5. The Shot:**
This is the projectile, consisting of numerous small lead (or other material like steel or bismuth) pellets. High brass shells often contain a greater quantity of shot, contributing to their higher stopping power.
Gauges and High Brass Shells
High brass shells are available across various shotgun gauges, including 12 gauge, 20 gauge, and others. The gauge refers to the diameter of the barrel, with smaller gauges having smaller diameters. The choice of gauge influences the overall recoil and suitability for different hunting applications.
Applications of High Brass Shotgun Shells
High brass shells find application in various scenarios:
- Hunting larger game: Deer, turkey, waterfowl (at longer ranges)
- Sporting clays: Demands high velocity and accuracy.
- Self-defense: High stopping power is crucial.
- Target shooting: Long-range targets require the increased velocity and power.
Choosing the Right High Brass Shell
Selecting the appropriate high brass shell depends on several factors including:
- Game being hunted: Larger game requires heavier shot and greater power.
- Distance to the target: Longer distances necessitate higher velocity shells.
- Shotgun type: Different shotguns are designed to handle various levels of pressure.
High brass shotgun shells offer increased power and range, making them a versatile choice for various shooting applications. Understanding their construction and characteristics will help you select the right ammunition for your specific needs. Remember always to consult your shotgun's manual and follow all safety guidelines when handling firearms and ammunition.
