Identifying an antique double barrel shotgun can be a fascinating journey into history, but it requires careful attention to detail and a methodical approach. This guide will walk you through the process, focusing on the crucial role of the serial number and other identifying features. Knowing the maker, model, and approximate age of your shotgun not only satisfies curiosity but also contributes to its proper valuation and preservation.
The Importance of the Serial Number
The serial number is the cornerstone of antique firearm identification. Unlike modern firearms, where serial numbers are often easily accessible, antique shotguns may have their numbers stamped in less obvious locations. Common places to check include:
- The bottom of the receiver: This is the most frequent location.
- Underneath the forearm: Sometimes, manufacturers would stamp the serial number here.
- The underside of the barrels: This is less common but possible.
- On the trigger guard: Though rarer, some manufacturers included the serial number here.
Note: Wear and tear, rust, or previous repairs may obscure the serial number. Careful cleaning and, in some cases, professional restoration may be necessary to reveal it completely. Never attempt to forcibly remove rust or damage the firearm in your attempt to find the serial number.
Beyond the Serial Number: Other Identifying Features
While the serial number offers a critical piece of the puzzle, other features contribute significantly to a successful identification:
1. Manufacturer's Markings:
Look for markings on the receiver, barrels, or other metal parts. These markings often include:
- The manufacturer's name: This could be a full name (e.g., "Parker Brothers") or an abbreviation (e.g., "W. & C. Scott").
- The city and state of manufacture: This provides geographical context.
- Model numbers or designations: Some manufacturers used specific model names or numbers to identify their shotguns.
2. Barrel Markings:
Examine the barrels closely. You may find markings indicating:
- Gauge: This indicates the diameter of the barrel (e.g., 12 gauge, 16 gauge, 20 gauge).
- Choke markings: These denote the constriction at the muzzle, influencing the shot pattern.
- Proof marks: These are official stamps indicating that the barrels have passed certain safety tests. Proof marks vary by country of origin.
3. Woodwork and Construction:
While less directly tied to identification, the stock's type of wood, the quality of its finish, and the overall construction can offer clues about the shotgun's age and origin. Details like checkering patterns, the shape of the buttstock, and the type of finish can also provide valuable information.
Resources for Identification:
Several resources can aid in your identification efforts:
- Online databases: Websites dedicated to antique firearms often have extensive databases of manufacturers and models, often searchable by serial number or other features. However, verify the reliability of the website before placing absolute trust in the information.
- Books on antique firearms: Numerous books catalog various firearm manufacturers and models. These often include detailed descriptions, images, and serial number ranges.
- Antique firearm appraisers or experts: Consulting a professional appraiser or expert is often the best route for definitive identification, particularly for valuable or rare shotguns.
Safety First: Handling Antique Firearms
Always prioritize safety when handling antique firearms. Never assume a firearm is unloaded. Treat every antique shotgun as if it is loaded until you have personally verified that it is not. If you're unsure about the proper way to handle an antique firearm, seek guidance from a qualified expert.
This guide provides a starting point for identifying your antique double barrel shotgun. Remember that the process may require patience and research, but the rewards of understanding your firearm's history are significant. Happy hunting!
