The AR-15 platform, renowned for its modularity and adaptability, relies on a seemingly simple yet crucial component: the hammer spring. This unassuming spring plays a pivotal role in the firearm's function, impacting reliability, accuracy, and overall performance. Understanding the hammer spring – its function, various types, potential issues, and troubleshooting – is essential for any AR-15 owner, whether novice or seasoned enthusiast.
Understanding the Role of the AR-15 Hammer Spring
The AR-15 hammer spring's primary function is to return the hammer to its cocked position after the trigger is released. This seemingly simple action is critical for the firearm's safe and reliable operation. Without a properly functioning hammer spring, the firearm may fail to fire, resulting in a dangerous malfunction. The spring's strength directly influences the hammer's speed and impact on the firing pin, impacting both reliability and the firearm's potential for light primer strikes.
Key Aspects of Hammer Spring Performance:
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Spring Tension: The correct spring tension is paramount. Insufficient tension can lead to light primer strikes or failure to fully cock the hammer, while excessive tension can cause premature wear and potential damage to other components.
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Hammer Fall: The speed and force with which the hammer strikes the firing pin are directly influenced by the spring. A properly functioning spring ensures a consistent and reliable impact.
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Recoil Impact: The spring must withstand the recoil forces generated during firing without deformation or damage, maintaining its integrity throughout the firearm's operational lifespan.
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Material and Construction: The hammer spring is typically made of high-quality spring steel, designed to endure repeated compression and decompression cycles without fatigue or failure.
Types of AR-15 Hammer Springs
While the basic function remains the same, subtle variations in AR-15 hammer springs exist, often related to manufacturer specifications or modifications aimed at enhancing specific aspects of the firearm's performance. These differences may include:
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Spring Wire Diameter: Slight variations in wire diameter can affect the spring's tension and rate. Thicker wire generally results in a stiffer spring.
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Number of Coils: The number of coils can influence the spring's overall length, tension, and rate.
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Spring Material: While most are made from spring steel, slight variations in alloy composition can affect durability and longevity.
It's crucial to use a hammer spring that is compatible with your specific AR-15 lower receiver and other components. Using an incorrect spring can lead to malfunctions or damage.
Troubleshooting Common Hammer Spring Issues
Several problems can arise with an AR-15 hammer spring, most often manifested as malfunctions. These include:
1. Light Primer Strikes:
This indicates insufficient hammer spring tension, resulting in the hammer not striking the firing pin with enough force to reliably ignite the primer. This can be caused by a weakened spring, incorrect spring installation, or other component issues affecting hammer fall.
2. Failure to Fire:
Similar to light primer strikes, failure to fire often points to insufficient hammer spring tension, though other issues (e.g., firing pin problems) should also be ruled out.
3. Hammer Not Returning to Cocked Position:
This issue indicates a problem with the hammer spring, likely a broken or severely weakened spring. Immediate replacement is necessary.
Maintaining and Replacing Your AR-15 Hammer Spring
Regular inspection of your AR-15 hammer spring, as part of routine maintenance, is recommended. Look for signs of wear, deformation, or damage. If any issues are found, replace the spring immediately with a genuine replacement from a reputable manufacturer. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for disassembly, cleaning, and reassembly to prevent damage to your firearm. Improper handling can lead to injury or further damage.
Disclaimer: This article provides general information about AR-15 hammer springs. Always consult your firearm's owner's manual and seek professional assistance if you are unsure about any aspect of maintenance or repair. Improper handling of firearms can be dangerous and lead to injury or death.
